Increasing importance of cyber security in RES projects

The complexity of the RES infrastructure, in which digital technologies play a central role, makes the energy sectors particularly vulnerable to attacks by hackers. What used to be a problem only for IT systems now also affects OT (Operational Technology) systems, which control key operational processes such as energy production and distribution. Any security vulnerability can lead to serious consequences, such as energy outages or infrastructure damage. Furthermore, the increasing integration of IT and OT increases the attack surface, and this further complicates security management in the so-called green energy industry. After all, renewables are playing an increasingly important role in the energy mix and are thus becoming an essential element of security and supply stability for the state.

Cyber threats

The renewables sector faces a number of cyber threats, including ransomware and Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks, which can cripple the entire power grid. SCADA systems and IoT devices, vital for energy management, are particularly vulnerable to such attacks. Any interruption in operation can lead to serious disruptions in energy supply, which in turn affects the stability of the entire network. Furthermore, the nature of distributed RES systems makes it difficult to quickly detect and neutralise attacks, which can increase incident response times.

Infrastructure protection strategies

Protecting RES infrastructure requires advanced security strategies, such as network segmentation and the implementation of IDS (Intrusion Detection System) and IPS (Intrusion Prevention System) systems. Segmentation helps limit the spread of threats, protecting critical parts of the infrastructure from potential attacks. Data encryption and regular software updates are essential to mitigate the risk of attacks, as well as to ensure the security of sensitive information. It is also worth investing in continuous access monitoring solutions to immediately detect and eliminate unauthorised intrusion attempts.

The role of monitoring and rapid response to incidents

Today's cyber security systems require not only adequate security, but also effective monitoring. The implementation of SIEM (Security Information and Event Management) and SOC (Security Operations Centre) systems, which enable ongoing network monitoring and rapid response to threats, and these are invaluable tools in the protection of RES infrastructure. With such solutions, it is possible to quickly detect unusual activity that may indicate an attack attempt, which in turn allows damage to be minimised. Regular penetration tests (i.e. controlled attacks on ICT systems) and attack simulations, known as ‘red teaming’, help to keep systems ready for possible threats by identifying and addressing security vulnerabilities.

Importance of education and cooperation

Staff education and cooperation with other industry stakeholders are essential steps to effectively protect against threats. Regular cyber security training raises awareness and also teaches staff how to respond appropriately in crisis situations. The sharing of experience between companies is also not insignificant, allowing them to respond more quickly to challenges that arise in a rapidly changing cyber threat environment. Collaboration with security agencies further strengthens the RES industry's ability to protect its infrastructure.

Cyber security in EU regulations

The EU NIS2 directive requires companies in the RES sector to implement security measures and report on ICT incidents and threats. The new legislation covers all large and medium-sized companies, which means that cyber security measures need to be stepped up. The NIS2 directive requires companies to conduct regular risk analyses, monitor supplier security and ensure business continuity in the event of cyber attacks. Failure to comply can lead to hefty financial penalties, making it imperative for companies to meet these requirements.

Cyber security in the renewable energy sector, is a fundamental element of energy stability. Adequate protection measures, regular risk analyses, continuous monitoring and continuous improvement of protection systems are necessary to secure the infrastructure against increasing threats. The right approach to security will not only protect the company, but also ensure a stable energy supply.

Sources:
https://nowoczesny-przemysl.pl/bezpieczenstwo-cybernetyczne-sektor-energet/
https://pro.rp.pl/biznes/art39814811-trzeba-sie-przygotowac-na-nowy-wymiar-cyberzagrozen
https://www.energetyka.plus/cyberbezpieczenstwo-w-energetyce-dyrektywa-nis2-czyli-wyzwania-dla-sektora-energetycznego/
https://pl.mitsubishielectric.com/fa/news/blog/dyrektywa-nis2-kluczowe-kwestie-dla-przemyslu-jak-sie-dostosowac
https://www.pwc.pl/pl/uslugi/nis2-nowe-wymogi-dotyczace-cyberbezpieczenstwa.html